Sunday, October 13, 2019
The Cold War :: essays research papers
1. Name of President- Harry S. Truman 2. Dates in Office- 1945-1952 3. Political Party- Democrat 4. Presidential Cold War Philosophy President Truman’s philosophy was to come to the defense of those countries in danger of Soviet takeover, but the US would not start a war with the Soviet Union. He also made alliances with Europe through NATO, which was a contrast to the past because from the time of Washington’s Farewell Address, Americans have strongly favored avoiding all foreign entanglements. He also was taken over by the paranoia created by the Red Scare because he ordered investigations of 3 million federal employees for â€Å"security risks.†5. Actions taken during presidency in regard to Cold War.      a. The Beginning of the Cold War- The end of World War II raised the issue of the shape of the      new world and what new political alliances would be formed. This would become the major      source of contention between the world’s leading political-economic system, capitalism and      communism. The American economy was growing more dependent on exports, while American      industry needed to import metals. This required open trade and friendly relations with those      nations that provided metal. With many economies in shambles, competition for the few healthy      economies became fierce. Germany, Japan, and Great Britain, who had been the strongest before      war had either been defeated or their influence was greatly reduced. The United States and the      Soviet Union became the world’s leading two powers, and they quickly became enemies.      b. The Truman Doctrine- After the Soviet Union had spread communism to Hungary      and Czechoslovakia, it threatened to take over Greece and Turkey. Truman was intent on      preventing this. The Truman Doctrine states that the US would support the free peoples who      were resisting the attempted subjugation of the Soviet Union. This was the cornerstone of a      larger policy called containment, which provided that while the US would not go to war with      the Soviet Union, it would come to the defense of countries in danger of Soviet takeover.      c. The Marshall Plan- This was a way to gain alliances. This plan sent more than $12 billion      to Europe to help rebuild its cities and economy. In return for that money, those countries      were expected to become American allies. It was offered to Eastern Europe, but no country      participated.      d. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)- This was a mutual defense alliance
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